Hydrocarbon-burner for heaters



(No Model.)

0. EWERT 8v J. A. MEHLING.' HYDROGARBON BURNER FOR HEATBRS. No. 424,105.

f u y..

Patented. Mar. 25, 1890.

n l n e o n s o c o c u 0 c so n c o o o n n s o u e o o l s.

. a i l s u s o o u n o a e a e o n u o s o e a n c n' s a c a n u e a c e s.

s c s c o s e a o s a n n c n o e n b o e n u n a s o o a e a o n u m T N E V m ATTORNEY S N. Pneus, Pmwumngmpher, wnhmgm. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OTTO EVERT AND JOHN A. MEHLING, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

i HYDROCARBON-BURNER FOR HEATERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,105, dated March 25, 1890.

` Application filed November 5| 1889. Serial No. 329,298. (No model.)

' sists in certain features of construction and in combination of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

The burner hereinafter described is designed as an improvement on the burner shown and described in United States Letters Patent No. 361,934, granted April 26,

1887, to Otto Ewert, one of the present applicants.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of the burner and attachment-s, showing, also, in reduced size and in section, an oil-container of the student-lamp variety. Fig. 2 is an elevation in section through the center of the burner. Fig. 3 is a plan, partly in section, taken on line x, Fig. 2.

The burner is of the so-called Argand variety, the body thereof having outer and inner walls A and A the inner wall inclosing a large central opening or duct A2 for the upward passage of air. falls A A are integral at the bottom, and above the base these walls are separated far enough to provide a wick-chamber to accommodate the wick F.V

The wick-chamber is in open relation at the bottom thereof with the bore of nozzles A3, to which nozzles are attached the feed-pipes h, the one feed-pipe connecting with the supplytank H, and the other feed-pipe leading, for instance, to another burner. The outer wall is provided with a hollow boss a, in the chamber of which operates the toothed wheel F', of ordinary construction, for raising and lowering the wick. This Wheel is mounted on a spindle F2, and the latter, in addition to a thumb-piece (not shown) for operating the same, has attached a laterally-proj ecting pin 5o f, this pin being located in close proximity to the one end or face of boss a. The latter is provided with a series of holes a', andl a staple f is provided, having a long and short leg, as shown, these legs being adapted to enter the holes d', meantime the prongs passing asti-ide 5 5 pin f, thus locking the wick-shifting mechanisln. The staple having been adjusted in the different holes so that the wick is at the proper elevation for burning,`if the staple be partially withdrawn, so that pin f may pass 6o by the short leg of the staple, wheel F may then be turned, for instance, in the direction to raise the wick vfor lighting, after which the wheel is reversed until pin f engages the long leg of the staple, whereupon the staple is returned to its place for locking the parts. This stop mechanism will be found very convenient, for the reason that the operator has not to adjust the wick for burning every time that the burner is lighted. As the wick is 7o wasted away by use, the staple from time to time is adjusted in different holes. For purposes hereinafter mentioned, the upper section of wall A is provided with outwardlyprojecting vertical ribs or swells a2, each of which has a vertical groove a3, these grooves being preferably V-shaped and preferably three in number, the grooves being arranged equidistant circumferentially.

The body of the burner, of which walls A 8o A are the principal members, is of cast metal, usually iron, and to prevent these walls from becoming overheated, thereby evaporating the oil in the Wick-chamber and possibly charring the wick, we provide these walls with extension-walls B B', of thin sheet metal, that, being exposed to the air, will not transmit much heat to the members below. Members B B are so far separated that they do not come in contact with the wick, except 9o near the upper end thereof, where they approach each other for supporting the wick, and above this point Walls B B dare away from the wick, as shown at b b, the iiaring sections being perforated to supply air to any vapor that there maybe below the flame, and thereby render this vapor combustible; otherwise more or less of this vapor might escape unconsumed and emit disagreeable odors.

The mixing-chamber consists of inner and outer perforated tubes O C', resting, respectively,on the upper ends of the daring sections of'walls B B. Tube C above the line IOO of tube (l has an imperlorate section C2, the latter being preferably closed at the top, and being of such external form, according to circumstances, as will fill the llame without changing the natural form of the flame. lf the burner is to be used for heating, for instance, vessels, the vessel should engage or come in close proximity to the top end of member ("2, which we call a flame-tillen7 the function of the latter being simply to fill the flame, and thereby prevent jets or current of air from breaking through the flame,where by'disagreeable odors would be' emitted by such disturbance of the itlame. lf member C2 were omitted, the Haine, by impin ging the bottom of the vessel, would naturally flare out, assuming an inverted conical form, and member C2 should be of such external form as to lill the flame under such condition without changing the form of the ila-me.

In case there was no vessel or article to be heated and the burner was used, for instance, for heating a room, in the absence of member C2 the flame would naturally assume a conical form, and under such condition memn ber C2 should be shaped accordingly to fill the iiame without changing' the naturalform of the iame, such modification of member()2 adapted to such circumstancesbeing approxi mately shown in dotted lines, Fig. l. .Niember C2 is therefore in no sense a flamespreader, for the reason aforesaid that it is not intended to and does not spread or change the form of the llame, and,on the other hand, a liame-spreader would not perform the func tion of the so-called liameller C2, for the reason that better results accrue where the llame is not interfered with by such internal appliance. The closed upper end of member 2 prevents the cold air from passing up through the mixing-chamber, and consequently such air-supply is forced through the perforations of the inner tube B,where it is wanted to support the combustion, and if the upper end of member C2 were not closed a diaphragm would have to be inserted lower down to prevent the upward passage of air through the samenfor instance, as shown in patent aforesaid. As shown in patent aforesaid, the outer perforated tube was provided at or near the bottom thereof with a band, to which band were attached steady-pins, the latter engaging the prongs of a forked lever, by manipulating which lever the outer tube could be raised or lowered. There were several objections to such construction, to wit: First, only the outer tube was raised by means of the lever, whereas it is desirable to raise both tubes by such means; second, the steady-pins were easily bent and thereby7 rendered inoperative, and, third, the band covered numerous perforations of the tube, and hence this band had to be perforated, which, together with the necessary fitting, rendered such construction comparatively expensive, and in place thereof we provide as follows:

Tubes C C are separated by wings c, usually three in number, by means of which tube C is held in place concentric with the outer tube. lVings c at the bottom extend more o'r less under the conical section of tube C', and these wings are shown hooking over the upper en d of tube C. If the wings were attached to the outer tube, the inner tube would be raised with the outer tube by reason of these wings engaging the conical section of the inner tube. lf the wings were attached to the inner tube, this tube would be raised by means of the wings hooking over the upper ends of the outer tube; hence these wings may be attached to either tube, whicheveris found most convenient; but in either case there should be slight endplay, so that the respective tubes C C in their depressed position will always rest on their respective seats.

l) is a metal band, preferably of malleable east-iron and having upwardly-projectingintegral arms D', preferably three in number, the upper extremes of these arms being rivA eted or otherwise secured to tube (l near the lower end of the latter. The inner face ofthe band is provided with inwardly-projecting vertical ribs d, these ribs corresponding with and being adapted to operate in grooves c3 aforesaid, thereby serving as guides for the mixing-chamber. These ribs are usually, but not necessarily, coincident with arms D.

E is the forked lever pivotally attached toy steady-pin c, the latter being adapted to fit easily in a vert-ical hole of lug c" of member A, by which arrangement the steady-pin can be lifted from its seat, whereby the lever is easily removed for packing, shipping, dac. The prongs E of this lever are adapted to bear against the under side of band I), and hence by depressing the free end of this lever the mixing-chamber may be raised for lighting or other purpose.

His anoil-container of the student-lamp variety, and hence need not be described in detail, this container being located at the proper elevation to bring the fluid-line y y in the burner just above the joint in the body of the burner, so that this joint is kept as cool as possible, as overheating is liable to cause leakage. Withthe fluid-line above the joint there is no trouble; butwith the tluid-linc bclow the joint the unequal expansion and contraction of the cast and thin metal will generally cause it to leak.

le will remark that in constructing the band and the body of the burner it may be found advisable to change places with ribs cl and grooves fri-that is to say, to construct the grooves on the band and the ribs on the burner.

It is found that when the burner is not in use for any considerable time-for instance, overnight-the oil of the wick-chamber will, by capillary attraction, nd its way along up the surface of tubes C C', and when the burner is afterward lighted this oil on the mixingchamber, will produce disagreeable odors and much smoke until it is burned olf.

TOO

IIO

To remedy this difficulty, we provide a poise E3, the same being mounted loosely on lever E, so that the poise may be moved lengthwise the lever. Vhen the poise is near the fulcrum of the leverf--for instance, in the position shown in solid lines-the mixing-chamber overbalances the poise, and consequently themiXing-chamber remains in its depressed position, resting upon its seats on the burner. When the poise is shifted-for instance, to the position shown in dotted lines-the poise will overbalance the mixing-chamber and hold the latter elevated. When, therefore, the burner is to stand idle, the poise is adjusted to near the end of the lever, thus breaking connection between the mixingchamber and the body of the burner.

. What we claim isl. In an oil-burner of the so-called Argand variety, a mixing-chamber comprising inner and outer perforated tubes, the inner tubehavin g an imperforate extension, the external form thereof being adapted to ill the flame of the burner without materially changing the form that the iiame, according to circumstances, would assume with such eX- tension or name-filler omitted, substantially as set forth.

2. In an oil-burner of the Argand variety, a mixing-chamber comprising inner and outer perforated tubes having wings or intervening members adapted to hold the tubes concentric with each other, such intervening members being connected with the one tube and having such engagement with the opposing tube that the inner tube maybe lifted by raising the outer tube, substantially as set forth. n

3. In a burner of the variety indicated, a mixing-chamber comprising inner and outer perforated tubes, the inner tube having a reduced lower section, and a series of wings 1ocated between the tubes and fastened to the one tube, such wings being adapted to embrace the reduced section of the inner tube, whereby the inner tube may be lifted by raising the outer tube, substantially as set forth.

4. In an oil-burnerof the variety indicated, a mixing-chamber comprisinginner and outer perforated tubes and having a series of wings located between the tubes and rigidly connected with the one tube, such wings having shoulders located above the outer tube, whereby the wings and inner tube may be raised by raising the outertube, substantially as set forth.

5. In combination, a burner and mixing-v chamber, substantially as indicated, a band encircling the body of the burner, such band having upwardly-projecting arms rigidly secured to the mixing-chamber, and a forked lever pivotally connected with the burner, the prongs of such lever being adapted to engage and elevate the band and connected mixing-chamber substantially as set forth.

6. In combination, a burner, mixing-chamber, and band having arms connected with the mixing-chamber, substantially as indicated, such band and inclosed burner having, respectively, mutually-engaging vertical grooves and ribs for guiding the band` and connected chimney, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with burner and mixing-chamber, substantially as indicated, of a lever operatively connected with the mixingchamber for raising the latter, and a poise mounted loosely on the lever and adjustable lengthwise of the latter, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we sign this specifica# tion, in the presence of two witnesses, this 18th day of October, 1889.

OTTO EWERT.

JOHN A. MEHLING.

, Witnesses:

C. H. DORER, WILL B. SAGE. 

